It's all explained in my book on the bridge (the title of which I won't mention, lest I get flamed for shameless self promotion), which includes a "new" map based on the map you've posted, which was likely drawn by Customs House employee Charles Johnson, who also drew those famous early sketches of the first wooden bridge over the canal.

There's more to the map, which goes west past Oneota. Luce's Dock Office belonged to Sidney Luce, Duluth pioneer and one of its early mayors. It was at roughly Third Avenue East on the lake, closer to Carmody than Luce.

Ojibwe and Dakota before them lived on Minnesota Point, and some Ojbwe stayed quite a while once it became Duluth. There were actually several grave sites (the map shows another on Rice's Point), at least one of which exposed its bones and artifacts after a storm. (Sorry, I don't have the dates handy.)

For continued native burial zones see the end of Moccasin Mike Road on Wisconsin Point. The burials there were dug up and moved to a "proper" graveyard at a church in Superior.

A few more details on Portland, since it's something I've been working on:

The townsite was settled in 1855, platted in 1856 by owners Aaron B. Robbins, James D. Ray, C. Marshall and J.J. Post, incorporated as a village on May 19, 1857, joined with Duluth on March 30, 1861.

According to the MacDonald book (This is Duluth, which was written in the 1950s): "In 1854, John I. Post built a cabin on the site of the present market on Second Ave. E between Second and Third Streets. He named this location Portland." There was also a school there in 1859. 

Portland Square is, as far as I can tell, the oldest park in the city. It was already an official park in 1888 when the Parks Commission formed a number of the others.

Ah, the Swansonian institute! Eric is exactly right. And when they replatted Portland to follow the rest of the city, the removal of Washington turned Portland Square into what many consider Duluth's first park (Cascade also holds the claim).

Barrett, I think you're right as well, especially if the 1865 map is any indication. You can see my modern reinterpretation of that map here (http://www.x-communication.org/xcomm/books/crossingthecanal_PDDMAPspecial.html), which has other interesting details, such as "Meander Island," 2.4 acres of floating vegetation in what was then called Superior Bay. By 1870 there was another township called "Fremont" near where the DECC is, which was all very swampy. After a storm in May 1873, a large chunk of Fremont actually floated out through the canal.

(Brian: I'd love to see those abstracts, etc.!)

I think I might have to break down and buy your book, Tony D.  This stuff fascinates me.

Fascinating history here. Seems those unyielding natural features make it easy to relate to old maps, writings, and photos. No long-subdued prairie town compares.